
What’s a Green Roof?
Have you ever wondered what’s a Green Roof? And why is a green roof important? Where are Green Roofs found ?
What is a Green Roof?
A green roof is a green space on top of a building. A green roof is an extension of the roof and includes a special waterproof and root repellent membrane (the roof’s skin), a drainage system, soil and plants.
- “Extensive” green roofs contain light soil and low-lying plants that have very small roots. The soil depth is approximately 2″ – 4″ (inches)
- “Intensive” green roofs contain deeper soil – 6″ (inches) to 4′ (feet) in depth. There are more vegetation choices such as trees and perennial garden flowers which require deeper soil so their roots can grow
Why a Green Roof?
Environmental and Public Benefits
Temperature Regulation
- Rooms under green roofs are at least 3-4 degrees Celsius cooler than the air outside when outside temperatures are above 25 degrees Celsius
- Reduces the heat a building gives off therefore reducing the heat of the air surrounding the building (Urban Heat Island Effect)
- Heat produced by buildings contributes to climate change
- Green roofs insulate buildings by preventing heat from moving through the roof
Energy Conservation
- Every 2-4 degrees Celsius represents approximately 10% of energy consumed to cool or heat
- Reduced green house gas emission (Co2 emissions) as a result of reduced energy use by air conditioners and baseboard heaters
Water Conservation
- Green Roofs absorb rainwater
- In summer up to 80% of the rainwater that falls is absorbed
- In winter up to 40% of snow/rain that falls is absorbed
- Reducing water run-off and diverting storm water for irrigation reduces loading on the City of Toronto’s storm sewers
Air Cleaning
- A green roof filters the air moving across it
- 10 square meters of grass on a roof can remove 2 kg of pollution particulates from the air per year – the Hugh Garner roof area is 1,925 square meters – that’s a lot of dirt cleaned from the air!
Creation of Habitat
- Green roofs provide a habitat for flora and fauna promoting biodiversity
Reduction of Waste
- Green roofs protect roofing membranes from extreme temperature fluctuations
- The life span of a green roof is twice as long as a conventional roof so decreases the need for re-roofing and consequently, less waste roofing and construction materials will end up as landfill
Social Benefits
- The green economy benefits from a large project using local labour and materials
- A green roof this size on a residential building will serve to encourage conservation culture in the community
- The garden will serve as a learning environment for residents and the community on issues of energy, resource efficiency, bio-diversity, barrier-free gardens and gardening, storm water management and renewable energy sources
- More green space in a downtown neighbourhood that has the highest density of residents per square meter in North America
- A safe, enjoyable outdoor meeting space for use by co-op residents, community users and non-profit organizations that is a park in the sky
- Increased visual appeal for neighboring high-rise residents
Sound insulation
- 5 inches of green roof can reduce sound by 40 decibels
- 12 inches of green roof can reduce sound by 46 to 60 decibels
Where are Green Roofs?
- City of Toronto Green Roof Directory
- City Hall has one that is accessible to all
- Mountain Equipment Co-op will give tours if you book an appointment
- Eastview Community Centre
- Arcadia Co-op in Toronto
- Mary Lambert, private non-profit housing
- In Germany there are 10 million square meters of green roofs – they have been building modern “green” roofs in Europe for over 20 years now
- In Switzerland, all new roofs must be green and all existing roofs must convert to have some “green” component to them as well as 20% green technology

